Gabon Passes New Constitution to Reinstate Civilian Rule

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On Saturday, Gabon held a pivotal referendum in which 91% of voters approved a new constitution aimed at restoring democratic civilian government. The ruling junta claimed the constitution would end 55 years of dynastic rule in the country.

The new constitution includes key reforms, such as a two-term limit for the presidency, the abolition of the prime minister’s role, and the ban on dynastic succession. It also sets new requirements for presidential candidates, including having at least one Gabonese parent and a Gabonese spouse, disqualifying former president Ali Bongo.

Transitional President Brice Oligui Nguema, who voted in civilian clothes, celebrated the approval as a major step towards civilian governance, promising a return to democratic rule after a two-year transition period.

The interior ministry emphasized the transparency of the vote, with international observers present, unlike in the 2023 election. Initial surveys showed 87% of respondents felt the country was moving in the right direction, though concerns over unemployment, healthcare, and living costs remain.

The referendum saw a 71% voter turnout, despite some delays in Libreville’s polling stations. The junta extended a night curfew to ensure order, and voting took place across 2,835 polling stations until 6:00 PM without major incidents. The junta orchestrated the referendum after seizing power in August 2023.

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